{"id":716,"date":"2015-03-17T06:37:18","date_gmt":"2015-03-17T03:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/english\/2015\/03\/17\/%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%88\/"},"modified":"2015-03-17T06:37:18","modified_gmt":"2015-03-17T03:37:18","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/blog\/2015\/03\/17\/%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 ( \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 )"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 ( \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 , \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632…… \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.
<\/span><\/strong>\u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648……. \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> :<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> (Guatavita) <\/span><\/strong>\u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 (\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.
<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a (1595)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> (Parime) <\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.
<\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0632 \u0647\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0644 (1625) \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> .<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> :<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1520 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631: “\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644 , \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> .<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0647\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0632\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0641 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a .\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> .
<\/span><\/strong>\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 …. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0631\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.
<\/span><\/strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0647 ….. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062e , \u0642\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0644 , \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>: El Dorado) (<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0630\u0647\u0651\u0628) , \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> Guatavita <\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 1545. \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> .<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0627\u061f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 , \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 , \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062d\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> :<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0639\u0627\u0645 (1542) \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0644. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/strong>
<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627. \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0622\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>. 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u061f \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648. \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> Muisca <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> Guatavita.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> Candide (<\/span><\/strong>\u0639\u0627\u0645 1759)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> Paradise Lost (<\/span><\/strong>\u0639\u0627\u0645 1667<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>).<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> :<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>:<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b.\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u064a\u0632\u0643 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621.\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0638\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0622\u0644\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0638\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> 
<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>:<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627..\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0625\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0648\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 ” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 , \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 , \u0627\u0631\u0643\u0628 , \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u0643\u0628 ……\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span> “<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>:<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 ” \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span>“.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 ( \u0625\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648)   \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 , \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0632…… \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":[],"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teachers-articles","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/66"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=716"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tourism.uokerbala.edu.iq\/wp\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}